Respiration & Homeostasis

RESPIRATION * The release of energy from food * all in all living cells need energy to carry out M R S G R E N, dealion of muscles, build up of heavy(a)r molecules (e. g. proteins), maintains steady body temperature (homeostasis) * Aerobic * needs oxygen * except occurs when a certain get along of oxygen is available * C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6 piddle + Energy * releases large amount of energy (2900 KJ) * Anaerobic * without oxygen * glucose lactic acid C6H12O6 2C3H6O3 * releases small amount of energy (120 KJ) * poisonous waste (lactic acid) removed to produce joined with O2, H2O + CO2 BREATHING consumption taking air in lungs * muscles contract diaphragm, intercostal muscles * volume increases * outside of lungs amply atmospheric pressure inwardly lungs low pressure * air flows into the lungs because of the difference in pressure * Inhalation taking air out of lungs * muscles relax diaphragm, intercostal muscles contract internecine intercostal muscles * volume lessens * outside of lungs low pressure inside lungs high pressure * air flows out of the lungs because of the difference in pressure * GASES exchange INHALED EXHALED * Carbon Dioxide 0. 4% 4% * Nitrogen 79% 79% * oxygen 21% 16% * Water Variable high school * Temperature Variable High * Alveoli are the site of splash exchange. Adaptations * large fold area * close supply of oxygen and blood (surrounded by capillaries) for rapid diffusion of gas * thin walls * moist lining for dissolving gasesHOMEOSTASIS * the maintenance of a unalterable internal environment in the body * Conditions that are kept the comparable 1. Body Temperature 2. pH 7. 4 (Blood) 3. water content 4. oxygen 5. glucose submergence * ther more thangulation maintaining a constant temperature (370C) * enzymes work best at 370C * temperature is monitored by hypothalamus (thermoregulatory centre) as the blood passes * BODY TEMPERATURE RISES 6. hairs lie flat less air confine (less insulation) more heat is lost from the s kin 7. weat is produced water in depose evaporates taking away heat from the skin 8. vasodilation blood vessels near the surface of the skin dilate to increase blood flow from the capillaries so more heat is lost * BODY TEMPERATURE FALLS 9. hairs stand up on end air is trapped for body insulation 10. less/ no sweat is produced 11. vasoconstriction blood vessels near surface of skin constrict to decrease blood flow to capillaries so less heat is lost 12. thrill muscles produce heat by respiration